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Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

 LC/MS is a hyphenated technique, combining the separation power of HPLC, with the detection power of mass spectrometry. Even with a very sophisticated MS instrument, HPLC is still useful to remove the interferences from the sample that would impact the ionisation. Closely related to LC/MS are some other techniques, like flow injection/MS, CE or CEC/MS, capillary LC or nano LC/MS In all cases, there is the need for an interface that will eliminate the solvent and generate gas phase ions, then transferred to the optics of the mass spectrometer. Most instruments now atmospheric pressure ionisation (API) technique where solvent elimination and ionisation steps are combined in the source and take place at atmospheric pressure. When electron impact ionisation (EI) is the choice, the solvent elimination and ionisation steps are separate. The interface is a particle beam type, which separates the sample from the solvent, and allows the introduction of the sample in the form of dry particles into the high vacuum region. Electron impact is of interest for molecules which do not ionise with API technique, or when an electron impact spectrum is necessary, since it provides spectral information independent of the sample introduction technique (GC or LC, or direct introduction) and instrument supplier.  

PERFORMANCE

The very best in chromatography. Performance UHPLC systems are optimized for sub-2.0-μm particlecolumns and ideal for maximizing thesensitivity, repeatability, and robustness of LC and LC-MS applications.

Maximizing the sensitivity, repeatability, and robustness of your LC and LC-MS applications
is critical. With Waters Performance LC systems, you can:
■ Improve separation resolution and reproducibility
■ Get peak chromatographic performance for complex applications with sub-2.0-μm
particle columns
■ Enhance selectivity across molecule types and matrix complexities
Our portfolio of Performance systems are typically paired with MS technologies and
include the ACQUITYTM Premier System, ACQUITY UPLC I-Class PLUS System, and
the ACQUITY UPLC M-Class System with nano- to microscale capability. Enhance
the characterization of your samples while improving productivity.

FLEXIBILITY

Adaptable to your sample complexity. Flexibility systems are upper-tier HPLCsand entry-level UHPLCs designed for method development, method transfer, and routine analysis with 2.5–5.0 μm column chemistries.

DEPENDABILITY

Accurate analysis for all. Dependability HPLC system that isreliable, accurate, and easy to operatefor everyday separations and method transfers, optimized for 3.5–5.0 μm column chemistries.

You need cost-effective, highly reliable analysis for your everyday applications – but that can’t
come at the expense of data quality. With Waters Dependability LC systems, you can:
■ Achieve highly efficient and reliable HPLC separations with peace of mind and ease
■ Get the industry-leading, compliance-ready feature sets for data that is reliable, accurate,
and trustworthy
■ Easily upgrade as your lab expands
Waters Dependability solution ensures peace of mind for a broad range of users with reliable and
easy-to-operate systems. With more than 50,000 systems in service today, Waters HPLC systems
minimize variability and facilitate reliable method transfer – making them proven, practical choices
for your quality analysis.